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Object-oriented Programming in C# Specialization, Extension, and Inheritance * Specialization of Classes Specialization of Classes The extension of class specialization Example: Bank Accounts Example: Bank Accounts in C# Example: Geometric Shapes Specialization of classes The Principle of Substitution * Extension of Classes Extension of Classes An example of simple extension The intension of class extensions * Inheritance in General Inheritance Interfaces to clients and subclasses Visibility and Inheritance Class hierarchies and Inheritance Multiple inheritance Problems with multiple inheritance * Inheritance in C# Class Inheritance in C# The top of the class hierarchy Methods in the class Object in C# Inheritance and Constructors Constructors and initialization order Constructors and initialization order: Example Visibility modifiers in C# Inheritance of methods, properties, and indexers Inheritance of methods: Example. Overriding and Hiding in C# Polymorphism. Static and dynamic types Static and dynamic types in C# Type test and type conversion in C# Examples of type test and type conversion Virtual methods in C# Practical use of virtual methods in C# Overriding the Equals method in a class Upcasting and downcasting in C# Upcasting and downcasting in C# Inheritance and Variables

(C)v Convert the static type of v to C in the given expression Only possible if the dynamic type of v is C , or a subtype of C If not, an InvalidCastException is thrown

v as C Non-fatal variant of (C)v Thus, convert the static type of v to C in the given expression Returns null if the dynamic type of v is not C, or a subtype of C

The typeof operator can be applied on a typename to obtain the corresponding object of class Type The Object.GetType instance method returns an object of class Type that represents the run-time type of the receiver.

System.Type